Water is worth of most careful attitude to it both on ethic and on economic reasons. However, ancestors of the Turkmen principally followed it, when irrigated farming has only just originated with use of waters flowed down from mountain rivulets.
Afterwards, development of farming and growth of population demanded new sources of life-giving water. They were kariz. As historical data testifies, the first of them on the territory of South Turkmenistan appeared in the mid of I century B.C. Turkmen legends belong the construction of kariz to the times of Alexander Macedonski. Kariz – complicated hydrotechnical structure, providing a system of wells connected with underground galleries. Construction of a kariz lasted even to decades. But, owing to them, it was possible to irrigate stably the large lands. Further, when large settlements and powerful fortresses have appeared, the ancient engineers worked out unique storages of water – sardoba, what we can see in the course of excursion to majestic monuments of palace complex of Historic-cultural nature reserve “Ancient Merv” inscribed into the UNESCO’s World Heritage List.
And today, in every sphere of activity of human being it is necessary the water. For example, the construction. The issue of water supply faced very strongly while construction of equestrian sport complex in Wekilbazar etrap. Water was essential not only for keeping the swift-footed racers but it was demanded by whole infrastructure, which includes several stables with 50 stalls each, veterinary point with laboratory, quarantine section, point for dope test, rooms for preparation of jockeys, pool for washing the horses, repair shop of technique, fire department, boiler room and others. In addition, a good half of total area of the complex in sixty hectares have been allotted under green plants. So, it is necessary the water for watering. But, there are also other sectors – spectators’, cultural-entertainment.
Therewith, the matter was not only in lack of water, but ironically, in its surplus as well. The facility is situated in old irrigated zone, where the level of ground waters is traditionally high. For improvement of surface layer of soil, it was essential to carry out a system of land reclamation works and at the same time, to provide the supply of pure drinking water from without.
Specialists and employees of Mary hydrogeological expedition have coped well with these tasks. Eight wells have been drilled for decreasing of level of ground waters. Simultaneously, it was conducted the prospecting of underground sweet water on lands of “Turkmenistan” Peasants’ Association adjoining to the territory of complex. Exploration was successful, and at present, four production wells fully satisfy the needs in potable water.
I remembered about this episode in order to show how the depths of our country are rich in natural resources, including in pure sweet water. But, in order to bring it to consumer, it is essential a lot of efforts, capital investments and rational calculation. Nevertheless, the same is also demanded in the field of use of land sources, which system cannot be called abundant. In our region, the main “suppliers” of life-giving water to towns and villages, agricultural fields are Murgap River and artificial Garagum River, which form grandiose hydraulic system.
Both these water arteries feed large and small water reservoirs, where systematic works are carried out on increase of water that allows creating the water reserves for efficient redistribution on seasons for irrigation of agricultural fields. One of the largest in the country is Hauzkhan Water Reservoir, which yields by its capacity only to water reservoir named after 15 years of independence of Turkmenistan located in neighboring Lebap province. It is realized the works on deepening of bowl of Sariyaz water reservoir in Murgap River. Collecting huge volumes of floodwater, this artificial lake allows expanding the sowing areas in the south of oasis.
Recently reconstructed machine canal “Zahmet-Turkmengala” also serves for these purposes in the province. New powerful pumps from leading world manufacturers have been installed in its cascade of water-lifting stations.
Finally, the works in the sphere of water economy have positive influence on concrete economic indices. Production of industrial and agricultural products grows year by year in the province.
Afterwards, development of farming and growth of population demanded new sources of life-giving water. They were kariz. As historical data testifies, the first of them on the territory of South Turkmenistan appeared in the mid of I century B.C. Turkmen legends belong the construction of kariz to the times of Alexander Macedonski. Kariz – complicated hydrotechnical structure, providing a system of wells connected with underground galleries. Construction of a kariz lasted even to decades. But, owing to them, it was possible to irrigate stably the large lands. Further, when large settlements and powerful fortresses have appeared, the ancient engineers worked out unique storages of water – sardoba, what we can see in the course of excursion to majestic monuments of palace complex of Historic-cultural nature reserve “Ancient Merv” inscribed into the UNESCO’s World Heritage List.
And today, in every sphere of activity of human being it is necessary the water. For example, the construction. The issue of water supply faced very strongly while construction of equestrian sport complex in Wekilbazar etrap. Water was essential not only for keeping the swift-footed racers but it was demanded by whole infrastructure, which includes several stables with 50 stalls each, veterinary point with laboratory, quarantine section, point for dope test, rooms for preparation of jockeys, pool for washing the horses, repair shop of technique, fire department, boiler room and others. In addition, a good half of total area of the complex in sixty hectares have been allotted under green plants. So, it is necessary the water for watering. But, there are also other sectors – spectators’, cultural-entertainment.
Therewith, the matter was not only in lack of water, but ironically, in its surplus as well. The facility is situated in old irrigated zone, where the level of ground waters is traditionally high. For improvement of surface layer of soil, it was essential to carry out a system of land reclamation works and at the same time, to provide the supply of pure drinking water from without.
Specialists and employees of Mary hydrogeological expedition have coped well with these tasks. Eight wells have been drilled for decreasing of level of ground waters. Simultaneously, it was conducted the prospecting of underground sweet water on lands of “Turkmenistan” Peasants’ Association adjoining to the territory of complex. Exploration was successful, and at present, four production wells fully satisfy the needs in potable water.
I remembered about this episode in order to show how the depths of our country are rich in natural resources, including in pure sweet water. But, in order to bring it to consumer, it is essential a lot of efforts, capital investments and rational calculation. Nevertheless, the same is also demanded in the field of use of land sources, which system cannot be called abundant. In our region, the main “suppliers” of life-giving water to towns and villages, agricultural fields are Murgap River and artificial Garagum River, which form grandiose hydraulic system.
Both these water arteries feed large and small water reservoirs, where systematic works are carried out on increase of water that allows creating the water reserves for efficient redistribution on seasons for irrigation of agricultural fields. One of the largest in the country is Hauzkhan Water Reservoir, which yields by its capacity only to water reservoir named after 15 years of independence of Turkmenistan located in neighboring Lebap province. It is realized the works on deepening of bowl of Sariyaz water reservoir in Murgap River. Collecting huge volumes of floodwater, this artificial lake allows expanding the sowing areas in the south of oasis.
Recently reconstructed machine canal “Zahmet-Turkmengala” also serves for these purposes in the province. New powerful pumps from leading world manufacturers have been installed in its cascade of water-lifting stations.
Finally, the works in the sphere of water economy have positive influence on concrete economic indices. Production of industrial and agricultural products grows year by year in the province.
