According to the program of industrial development of the country until 2030, it is planned the construction of new up-to-date gas and oil refining installations. In particular, in the nearest future, it is planned “turnkey” construction of the plant for manufacture of polyethylene and polypropylene with ethane cracking installation as well as plant for natural gas processing into gasoline, which customer is “Turkmengas” State Concern.
Construction of new enterprises promises great benefits. So, designing and construction of the large gas chemical complex in Kiyanly, which contractor is the Consortium of companies “Hyndai Engineering Co., Ltd”, “LG International Corp.” and “Toyo Engineering Corporation”, with annual capacity of 5 billion cubic meters of gas, provides the production of 386 thousand tons of polyethylene and 81 thousand tons of polypropylene per year.
The plant under construction in Ovadandepe on production from natural gas of high-quality gasoline should become other major object, having no analogues in the world. Creation of the unique enterprise is entrusted to Consortium of the companies “Kawasaki Heavy Industries LTD” and “Ronesans Endustri Tesisleri Insat Sanayi Ve Ticaret A.S.”. The plant equipped with the newest technologies will annually process 1 billion 785 million cubic meters of natural gas and produce 600 thousand tons of high-quality А-92 (Euro-5) gasoline per year. Commissioning of both enterprises is planned by 2018.
For comments on this topic, we have addressed to the chief of gas processing laboratory of the Institute of Oil and Gas of “Turkmengas” State Concern, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Annamurat Ashirov, having asked him a question about kind of technologies, which will be able to provide effective processing of natural gas into liquid motor fuel.
- I would like to gladden you: the exhaustion of natural oil deposits at all does not threaten the mankind with total deficiency of motor fuel. Substances similar on a chemical compound to gasoline, kerosene or diesel fuel, is quite possible to receive from hydrocarbon raw materials not of an oil origin. Chemists have solved this problem in 1926, when the German scientists F. Fisher and G. Tropsh opened the restoration reaction of carbon monoxide (CO) at atmospheric pressure. It has appeared that in presence of catalysts, it is possible to synthesize depending on a parity of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a gas mix the liquid and even firm hydrocarbons close on a chemical compound to products of oil fractionation.
The mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen known as “the synthesis gas” is quite easy to obtain from natural raw materials: by passing steam over carbon (coal gasification) or conversion of natural gas (comprised mostly of methane) with water steam in the presence of metal catalysts. Existing technologies allow to process natural gas into high-quality gasoline and diesel fuel through the methanol formation stage. At the entrance, there is natural gas, methane, which in the generator is converted into synthesis gas. Further, the synthesis gas in the presence of specifically designed catalysts is converted to fuel hydrocarbons. By turning the crane, it is possible to start the production of the final product, and optionally to receive the methanol, DME, mixture of hydrocarbons similar to diesel fuel, synthetic gasoline.
The economic profit from industrial introduction of such process is difficult for overestimating, as manufacture of synthetic liquid fuel from natural gas: directly on a deposit or with flow through gas pipeline will considerably decrease the volume of the capital investments spent for its processing.
Natural gas, being extracted on the basic deposits of Turkmenistan (“Galkynysh”, “Dovletabat” and others), belong to gases with small content of homologues ethane in composition, but with high level of sulphidity. In this connection, the special attention should be paid to scientific researches aimed at further perfection and elaboration of high technologies of stage-by-stage purification of product of gas wells (separation, absorption, adsorption, chemisorption). The greatest development will be received by the technologies directed to the improvement of export gas quality and at the same time, neutralization sulphidic gases isolated from gas composition.
At present, for production of commercial gas, the primary physical and physical-chemical processing of raw gas is limited with its stage-by-stage purification from unnecessary and harmful impurities. In case when it is necessary to produce high-quality pure commercial gas essential for diversification and conversion, one more stage - adsorption should be added to this system. This technology will be applied not only in manufacture of high-quality commercial gas essential for conversion at gas-chemical complex, which is under construction in Ovadandepe, where this gas will be used for production of synthetic gasoline.
Physical and chemical conversion of natural gas is especially important direction of development of national fuel-energy complex. Long-term attempts of scientists of entire world to convert within one stage methane into liquid hydrocarbons have not given positive technological and economic results. And consequently, presently, complicated deep processing of methane in two-three holds is an only industrial method of physical and chemical conversion of gas. At industrial level, this technology will be used in Turkmenistan for the first time in the world.
In Ahal province, it was started the construction of gas-chemical complex, which will annually produce 600 thousand tons of synthetic gasoline owing to conversion of 1.5 billion cubic meters of natural gas. For comparison: in order to produce 600 thousand tons of gasoline from oil, it is necessary to process not less than 2 million tons of oil. It is also important that the obtained gasoline can be used as ecologically pure fuel for internal combustion engines. It is good that completely keeps within frameworks of the most rigid European requirements on content of firm particles in automobile exhausts.
Motor fuels obtained from natural gas are not more expensive than oil refining products, and even surpass them in quality. Besides, for burning of this fuel it is necessary less oxygen than for burning of diesel fuel.
Thus, commissioning of gas-chemical complex in 2018 will become one of the major events in development of oil and gas industry of Turkmenistan.
Construction of new enterprises promises great benefits. So, designing and construction of the large gas chemical complex in Kiyanly, which contractor is the Consortium of companies “Hyndai Engineering Co., Ltd”, “LG International Corp.” and “Toyo Engineering Corporation”, with annual capacity of 5 billion cubic meters of gas, provides the production of 386 thousand tons of polyethylene and 81 thousand tons of polypropylene per year.
The plant under construction in Ovadandepe on production from natural gas of high-quality gasoline should become other major object, having no analogues in the world. Creation of the unique enterprise is entrusted to Consortium of the companies “Kawasaki Heavy Industries LTD” and “Ronesans Endustri Tesisleri Insat Sanayi Ve Ticaret A.S.”. The plant equipped with the newest technologies will annually process 1 billion 785 million cubic meters of natural gas and produce 600 thousand tons of high-quality А-92 (Euro-5) gasoline per year. Commissioning of both enterprises is planned by 2018.
For comments on this topic, we have addressed to the chief of gas processing laboratory of the Institute of Oil and Gas of “Turkmengas” State Concern, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Annamurat Ashirov, having asked him a question about kind of technologies, which will be able to provide effective processing of natural gas into liquid motor fuel.
- I would like to gladden you: the exhaustion of natural oil deposits at all does not threaten the mankind with total deficiency of motor fuel. Substances similar on a chemical compound to gasoline, kerosene or diesel fuel, is quite possible to receive from hydrocarbon raw materials not of an oil origin. Chemists have solved this problem in 1926, when the German scientists F. Fisher and G. Tropsh opened the restoration reaction of carbon monoxide (CO) at atmospheric pressure. It has appeared that in presence of catalysts, it is possible to synthesize depending on a parity of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a gas mix the liquid and even firm hydrocarbons close on a chemical compound to products of oil fractionation.
The mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen known as “the synthesis gas” is quite easy to obtain from natural raw materials: by passing steam over carbon (coal gasification) or conversion of natural gas (comprised mostly of methane) with water steam in the presence of metal catalysts. Existing technologies allow to process natural gas into high-quality gasoline and diesel fuel through the methanol formation stage. At the entrance, there is natural gas, methane, which in the generator is converted into synthesis gas. Further, the synthesis gas in the presence of specifically designed catalysts is converted to fuel hydrocarbons. By turning the crane, it is possible to start the production of the final product, and optionally to receive the methanol, DME, mixture of hydrocarbons similar to diesel fuel, synthetic gasoline.
The economic profit from industrial introduction of such process is difficult for overestimating, as manufacture of synthetic liquid fuel from natural gas: directly on a deposit or with flow through gas pipeline will considerably decrease the volume of the capital investments spent for its processing.
Natural gas, being extracted on the basic deposits of Turkmenistan (“Galkynysh”, “Dovletabat” and others), belong to gases with small content of homologues ethane in composition, but with high level of sulphidity. In this connection, the special attention should be paid to scientific researches aimed at further perfection and elaboration of high technologies of stage-by-stage purification of product of gas wells (separation, absorption, adsorption, chemisorption). The greatest development will be received by the technologies directed to the improvement of export gas quality and at the same time, neutralization sulphidic gases isolated from gas composition.
At present, for production of commercial gas, the primary physical and physical-chemical processing of raw gas is limited with its stage-by-stage purification from unnecessary and harmful impurities. In case when it is necessary to produce high-quality pure commercial gas essential for diversification and conversion, one more stage - adsorption should be added to this system. This technology will be applied not only in manufacture of high-quality commercial gas essential for conversion at gas-chemical complex, which is under construction in Ovadandepe, where this gas will be used for production of synthetic gasoline.
Physical and chemical conversion of natural gas is especially important direction of development of national fuel-energy complex. Long-term attempts of scientists of entire world to convert within one stage methane into liquid hydrocarbons have not given positive technological and economic results. And consequently, presently, complicated deep processing of methane in two-three holds is an only industrial method of physical and chemical conversion of gas. At industrial level, this technology will be used in Turkmenistan for the first time in the world.
In Ahal province, it was started the construction of gas-chemical complex, which will annually produce 600 thousand tons of synthetic gasoline owing to conversion of 1.5 billion cubic meters of natural gas. For comparison: in order to produce 600 thousand tons of gasoline from oil, it is necessary to process not less than 2 million tons of oil. It is also important that the obtained gasoline can be used as ecologically pure fuel for internal combustion engines. It is good that completely keeps within frameworks of the most rigid European requirements on content of firm particles in automobile exhausts.
Motor fuels obtained from natural gas are not more expensive than oil refining products, and even surpass them in quality. Besides, for burning of this fuel it is necessary less oxygen than for burning of diesel fuel.
Thus, commissioning of gas-chemical complex in 2018 will become one of the major events in development of oil and gas industry of Turkmenistan.
